Race and Ethnicity

Presentation Transcript

Part 9 Race and Ethnicity

What Is Race? A few people see race as: Skin shading: the Caucasian "race", Religion: the Jewish "race" Nationality: the British "race" Entire human species: the human "race"

Race and Biology A race is a class of individuals who have been singled out as second rate or prevalent, on the premise of genuine or charged physical qualities, for example, skin shading, hair surface, eye shape, or different traits. Race has small significance naturally because of interbreeding in the human populace.

The Social Construction of Race It is culture, as opposed to science that characterizes a racial gathering. Definitions change with recorded and social conditions.

Characteristics of Ethnic Groups Unique social qualities. A feeling of group. A sentiment ethnocentrism. Attributed enrollment from birth. Propensity to possess a geographic region.

Dominant (greater part) and Subordinate (minority) Groups A predominant or lion's share gathering is one that is advantaged and has unrivaled assets and rights in a general public. A subordinate or minority gathering is one whose individuals are distraught and subjected to unequal treatment by the predominant gathering and who see themselves as objects of aggregate separation.

Examples of Minority Groups? Race Ethnicity Gender Sexual Orientation Age Disability Religion Some individuals encounter "Twofold Jeopardy"

Prejudice A negative demeanor in light of speculations about individuals from chose racial, ethnic, or different gatherings. Ethnocentrism alludes to the propensity to respect one's own particular culture and gathering as the standard. Generalizations are overgeneralizations about the appearance, conduct, or different attributes of individuals from specific classifications.

Racism An arrangement of states of mind, convictions, and practices used to legitimize the predominant treatment of one racial or ethnic gathering and the second rate treatment of another racial or ethnic gathering. A type of partiality, where the conviction is that acquired physical qualities related with racial gatherings decide unequal capacities and attributes

Prejudice can be kept up by The Self-satisfying prediction Social separation

Bogardus Social Distance Rating Scale Person communicates an ability to cooperate with minority aggregate part in progressively nearness: 1. As a marriage accomplice 2. As my dear companions 3. As my Neighbors 4. As laborers in my organization 5. As natives of my nation 6. As guests to my nation 7. Restricted from entering my nation

Theories of Prejudice Frustration–aggression speculation People who are disappointed in their endeavors to accomplish an exceptionally sought objective will react with an example of animosity toward others. Tyrant Personality Characterized by extreme congruity, accommodation to expert, prejudice, weakness, an abnormal state of superstition, and inflexible, stereotypic considering.

Theories of Prejudice, proceeded with Socialization and absence of contact Ideology of the American dream - energizes partiality toward the socially burdened

Discrimination While preference is a demeanor, segregation is a conduct.

Merton's Typology of Prejudice and Discrimination

Four Major Types of Discrimination Isolate separation - A biased judge giving harsher sentences to African American litigants. Little gathering segregation - Small gathering of white understudies mutilating an educator's office with supremacist designations.

Four Major Types of Discrimination Direct standardized separation - Intentional prohibition of non-white individuals from open housing. Backhanded standardized segregation – Does not really include cognizant plan.

Contact Hypothesis Contact between unique gatherings ought to be certain the length of gathering individuals: Have break even with status. Seek after similar objectives. Participate with each other to accomplish objectives. Get positive criticism while associating.

Contact Hypothesis Contact between dissimilar gatherings ought to be sure the length of gathering individuals: Have measure up to status. Seek after similar objectives. Coordinate with each other to accomplish objectives. Get positive criticism while interfacing.

Functionalist Perspectives on Race and Ethnic Relations Assimilation A procedure by which individuals from subordinate racial and ethnic gatherings get to be distinctly consumed into the prevailing society. Ethnic Pluralism The conjunction of an assortment of particular racial and ethnic gatherings inside one society.

Conflict Perspectives on Race and Ethnic Relations The Caste Perspective perspectives racial and ethnic imbalance as a perpetual element of U.S. society. Class points of view accentuate the part of the industrialist class in racial misuse.

Conflict Perspectives on Race and Ethnic Relations Internal Colonialism happens when individuals from a racial or ethnic gathering are coercively set under the control of the prevailing gathering. Part Labor Market - The division of the economy into an essential segment made out of more generously compensated specialists in more secure employments, and an optional area of lower-paid laborers in occupations with little security.

Critical Race Theory Premises: The conviction that prejudice is such an instilled highlight of U.S. society that it seems, by all accounts, to be customary and common to many individuals. The conviction that intrigue joining is a vital figure achieving social change.

Racial and Ethnic Groups in the United States Native Americans White Anglo‑Saxon Protestants African Americans White Ethnic Americans Asian Americans Latinos/as Middle Eastern Americans

Time Line of Racial and Ethnic Groups in the United States

Native Americans Most burdened gathering in the U.S. regarding pay, work, lodging, and sustenance. As a gathering they have encountered: Genocide Forced Migration Forced Assimilation

Early Contact with Europeans Arrived 12,000 to 50,000 years back. Local American populaces gauges change from 10 to 100 million Physical and social contrasts were deciphered ethnocentrically as evidence of "inadequacy" All tribes and countries lumped together as "Indians"

Two Concerns have Dominated Government Policy White takeover of local grounds. "Where there was attractive land, whites in the long run took it." Transformation of local ways of life into duplicates of affirmed white models. Local culture must be annihilated.

Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1889 "The Indians must comply with the white man's ways; quietly in the event that they will, persuasively in the event that they should."

By the start of the 20 th century … The Indian populace was not able act naturally adequate, was ruined and helpless before the central government. It numbered just around 250,000.

Pervasive Inequality 84% of national normal on secondary school graduation 42% of national normal on school instruction 76% of national normal family unit wage Almost twice as liable to need medical coverage Nearly twice as liable to live in destitution

African-Americans Second biggest minority assemble in the U.S., making up somewhere in the range of 13% of the populace. Arrived automatically - as slaves. Most African Americans could follow their parentage in America to the early pilgrim time frame.

Epoch One: Slavery Why African Americans? Physical appearance Ethnocentrism: "savages", "second rate" Powerlessness The Status of "Slave" No legitimate rights Property possession taboo Working for pay illegal Entering into contracts illegal Marriage not lawfully perceived Importance of "social separation" Racism as an ideological defense

Epoch Two: The Jim Crow Era Loss of government security after Reconstruction Loss of voting rights Jim Crow laws Legally implemented isolation Housing Work Education Health mind Transportation Religion Leisure Ideology of Social Darwinism

Epoch Three: The Modern Era Important Legislation 1941 - Racial segregation in elected occupations denied End of WWII – Desegregation of the military 1954 – Brown versus Leading body of Education of Topeka 1964 – Civil Rights Act Black Protest Non-brutality as a strategy to battle isolation Black Power as a belief system to battle disparity Self-assurance Self-picture

Asian Americans 4% of the U.S. populace. From Japan, China, South Asia, the Philippines, and Southeast Asia. Have the most astounding normal family unit wage of any real ethnic gathering. Japanese and Chinese-Americans outperform whites in instructive achievement.

The History of Discrimination The "Yellow Peril" Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882 The "Courteous fellows' Agreement" with Japan, 1907 The Oriental Exclusion Act, 1924 Japanese Internment, 1941

Asian Americans as the "Model Minority" Levels of accomplishment Median family salary 29% above national normal 44% of Asian Americans have at any rate Bachelors degrees (the U.S. normal is 24%) A positive or negative generalization?

Factors in Asian American Economic Success Innate predominance? Prior social and word related standing Cultural Values (the "accomplishment disorder") The estimation of training Work ethic Family values Core estimations of the Confucian and Buddhist conventions: "Accomplishment, a strong family and diligent work."

 Hispanics Largest minority aggregate in the U.S. Larger part are of Mexican legacy, Latinos have likewise touched base in America from Cuba, Puerto Rico, and numerous Central and South American countries. Will make up around 20% of the U.S. populace by the year 2050.

Who is "Hispanic"? Race or Ethnicity? Overwhelming gathering's name versus self observation Ethnically various with various ways of section Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban South and Central A