Reference Document on Best Available Techniques in Common Waste Water and Waste Gas Treatment

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Reference Document on Best Available Techniques in Common Waste Water and Waste Gas Treatment/Management Systems in the Chemical Sector (CWW BREF) Aivi Sissa Tallinn – Estonia 27 – 28 March 2007

Introduction It was finished late 2001 Developed to apply to the concoction business ...contains important data for different divisions It is a flat BREF

Borderline amongst vertical and even compound BREFs Waste water illustration P R O D U C T I O N Chemical response Waste water VERTICAL CHEMICAL BREFs Work-up Product confinement Product Recovery C O N T R O L CWW BREF Waste water treatment Recipient

Chemical industry The substance business covers an extensive variety of endeavors: One-handle couple of items ventures with one or only a couple squander water/squander gas streams Multi-generation blend undertakings with numerous intricate waste water/squander gas streams

Vertical synthetic BREFs Chlor-soluble base (CAK) Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals – Ammonia, Acids and Fertilizers (LVIC-AAF) Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals – Solid and Others (LVIC-S) Large Volume Organic Chemicals (LVOC) Polymers (POL) Speciality Inorganic Chemicals (SIC) Organic Fine Chemicals (OFC)

Scope Environmental administration procedures Generally relevant process-coordinated measures (i.e. material with an indistinguishable reason in unmistakable generation forms) End-of-pipe treatment connected on substance locales to WW, WG and squander water slime

Structure of the record CH1: General portrayal CH2: Waste water/squander gas administration CH3: Applied treatment innovation CH4: Best accessible methods CH5: Emerging procedures CH6: Concluding comments

Best accessible strategies

BAT – flat approach The choices for emanations counteractive action/control are surveyed autonomously of the specific creation process(es) BAT grasp the best and reasonable measures for accomplishing a high broad level of insurance of nature overall against outflows BAT are resolved more extensively and incorporate more than just innovation

Implementation of BAT Implementation of BAT in existing establishments: BAT can be coordinated when real modifications are arranged BAT can be actualized in a well ordered development program over a timeframe Implementation of BAT in new plants is not ordinarily an issue

General BAT

Waste water/squander gas administration General Environmental Management legitimate and reliable execution of a perceived EMS utilization of administration instruments

Management strategies ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MANAGEMENT TOOLS Inventory administration apparatuses Safety and crisis devices Strategic administration devices Operational administration devices Pollution episode reaction Risk evaluation Monitoring Site stock Internal targets EMFA LCA Fire battling Choice of treatment alternatives Stream stock Bench checking Choice of gathering framework WEA Reduction of water use and release Implementation of control choice WW/WG control frameworks WG discharge capability Quality control

Process-coordinated measures General requirement for aversion/lessening of the measure of WW and WG or potentially tainting inside a generation line These are for the most part creation or process-particular and their pertinence requires uncommon appraisal

BAT for process-coordinated measures Waste water/squander gas accumulation Ducting and isolating waste water streams to their fitting treatment framework Routing waste gasses to treatment frameworks. These are emanation source nook, vents and pipes

BAT for waste water treatment

Waste water – key issues Emissions to water can emerge from, e.g., substance union, WGT (wet scrubbers) and rain water from sullied zones The lion's share of process water (70 – 90%) has a low contamination stack (e.g. cleaning water, vacuum, deplete air tidy up, pumps) The rest of the (10 – 30%) contains up to 90% of the contamination stack

WW methods that fit into the extension WASTE WATER TECHNIQUES End-of-pipe treatment Process-coordinated measures Central treatment Individual treatment Final treatment Pretreatment RECIPIENT

BAT for waste water treatment Four distinct methodologies: focal last treatment in a natural WWTP on location focal last treatment in a metropolitan WWTP focal last treatment of inorganic waste water in a synthetic/mechanical WWTP decentralized treatment(s) All four procedures are considered as BAT when appropriately connected to the genuine waste water circumstance The way to deal with achieving particular BAT conclusions takes after the pathway of poisons

Waste water Uncontaminated (e.g. water) Contaminated Waste water sewerage framework RECOVERY TECHNIQUES NF/RO Adsorption Extraction/Distillation Evaporation Stripping/gas treatment Organic Inorganic Pollutants inadmissible for natural treatment Heavy metals Salts or potentially acids ABATEMENT TECHNIQUES (non biodegradable) Oxidation Reduction Hydrolysis Air oxidation Incineration Salts and additionally acids Free oil Hydrocarbons Biodegradable substances ABATEMENT TECHNIQUES (biodegradable) Biological treatment Refractory or harmful natural Receiving water

BAT AELs for the last release into accepting water

BAT for waste gas treatment

Waste gas – scratch issues Only once in a while can squander gas streams with various qualities be dealt with at the same time Waste gas streams can generally be isolated into ducted and non-ducted (diffuse, criminal) discharges The stream rate to be dealt with is a noteworthy parameter in the choice of decrease choices Recovery methods are by and large utilized for important items

WASTE GAS TECHNIQUES Ducted emanations Fugitive and diffuse outflows Process-coordinated measures End-of-pipe treatment Capture Individual treatment Group treatment Central treatment STACK WG strategies that fit into the extension

BAT for waste gas treatment low temperature sources high temperature sources The way to deal with achieving particular BAT conclusions takes after the pathway of toxins According to treatment, the hotspots for waste gasses are recognized as:

Decision pathway for WGT: reason for BAT conclusions Substance recuperation Energy recuperation Low temperature: creation, taking care of and work-up gasses High temperature: Combustion gasses Recovery procedures Membrane division Condensation Adsorption Wet scrubbers Separators Cyclones Electrostatic precipitators Fabric channels VOC Inorganic volatiles Dust NO x SO x HCl, HF Abatement systems Biofiltration Bioscrubbing Biotrickling Oxidation (warm and synergist) Flaring Separators Cyclones Electrostatic precipitators Filtration Sorption SNCR/SCR

BAT AELs for waste gas treatment Low-temperatures squander gasses There are no BAT AELs for low-temperature squander gasses in the CWW BREF. These are accounted for in the comparing vertical BREFs However, the BAT part of the CWW BREF reports execution levels identified with the utilization of methods

BAT AELs for waste gas treatment High temperature squander gasses

Emerging procedures Techniques not yet connected on a business premise or outside pilot plant operation. These could be relevant later on everywhere scale operation Assessment required amid the survey of the BREF

Concluding comments High level of accord accomplished There is an absence of data on: execution information in mix with operational information (e.g. cross-media and vitality issues) costs

Revision of the CWW BREF Planned to begin late 2007/mid 2008 Currently setting up a similar examination of the main arrangement of compound BREFs: to set rules/suggestions which will help the Technical Working Group (TWG) with the readiness of the survey of the CWW BREF and also amid the audit procedure

QUESTIONS?