Psychological Development During the First Three Years

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Intellectual Development During the First Three Years Dr. Arra Chapter 5

Piaget Theory of Cognitive Development I.Sensorimotor Stage II. Preoperational Stage III. Concrete Operational Stage IV. Formal Operations

Cognitive Development During the First Three Years SENSORIMOTOR STAGE (0 – 2 yrs.) Schemes – mental structures in the mind that give a model to activity (0 – 1 mos.) Assimilation Accomodation

Cognitive Development During the First Three Years Primary Circular Reactions (1-4 mos.) Secondary Circular Reactions (4-12 mos.) objective coordinated conduct Tertiary Circular Reactions (12-18 mos.)

Cognitive Development During the First Three Years Object Permanence (8-12 mos.) Deferred Imitation (18-24 mos.) Symbolic Thinking

Memory Eyewitness Memory – frequently off base (onlooker declaration) examine has demonstrated that individuals' consideration is limited amid large amounts of excitement; in these circumstances we tend to concentrate on a couple of particular points of interest as contradicted encoding the whole circumstance Weapon center theory: casualty's of vicious violations may zoom in on the weapon and not encode the offenders confront

Memory Flashbulb recollections – recollections for sudden, particular occasions, that individuals feel are scorched into their brains always Emotionally charged memory Research demonstrates that in actuality over the long haul data is overlooked and mutilated

Memory Implicit recollections: (0-3 mos.) information of occasions, strategies, and data that people might be very ignorant of; oblivious (Procedural Memory; Conditioning) Explicit recollections: (6-12 mos.) cognizant review/acknowledgment of realities, names, occasions

Memory Working Memory: (6-12 mos.) STM LTM Serial Learning Curve

Memory Context-subordinate memory Memories get related to the setting in which they are contemplated State-subordinate Memory or review related with state at test coordinates their state at learning

Information Processing Approach that underscores perception, consideration, memory Looks at how babies continue through these procedures

Information Processing Information Processing analysts measure, and draw inductions from what newborn children focus on and for to what extent Habituation: lessened consideration because of rehashed introduction of a similar jolt Dishabituation: restoration of enthusiasm for another boost

Imitation Deferred Imitation; Piaget (18-24 mos.) Current Research: Infants can mirror confronts inside the initial few days after birth Infants can exhibit conceded impersonation at 9 mos.

Intelligence Tests Mostly non-verbal Measure engine abilities, versatile conduct aptitudes, dialect DAS, Bracken, Stanford-Binet, WJ-III Stability of IQ at youthful ages????

Language: correspondence framework in light of words and punctuation Rules of Language: Phonology: phonemes Morphology: morphemes – littlest piece of a word that has meaning semantics – significance on a sentence level Syntax: structure of sentences Pragmatics: useful utilization of dialect; knowing suitable standards with respect to discourse and dialect

Language How is dialect gained? Chomsky (LAD) versus Skinner Critical period for dialect advancement?

Language Some definitions: Motherese – discourse utilized when conversing with babies Recasting – rethinking what kid has said Echoing – rehashing what kid has said Expanding – repeating what tyke has said in a more modern shape

Language Some definitions: Labeling – recognizing the names of articles Holophrase – single word that passes on a total thought (10-15 mos.) Telegraphic discourse – early type of a sentence that comprises of just a couple words (18-24 mos.)

Language How dialect creates: 3-6 mos. Chattering, Cooing 6-9 mos. In the first place words comprehended (responsive) 10-15 mos. Newborn child articulates first word Why dada and not mother? 18-24 mos. Two word proclamations 36 mos. Says up to 1,000 words

Language What happens in the vicinity of 18 and 36 mos.? MLU builds Number of morphemes per sentence created