Part 2 Atoms and Elements

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Section 2 Atoms and Elements 2.1 Elements and Symbols 2.2 Periodic Table LecturePLUS Timberlake

Elements Pure substances that can't be isolated into various substances by common procedures Are the building squares of matter 112 components known today Examples: carbon gold calcium LecturePLUS Timberlake

Symbols of Elements Use 1 or 2 letter shortenings Capitalize the primary letter just Examples: C carbon Co cobalt N nitrogen Ca calcium F fluorine Br bromine O oxygen Mg magnesium LecturePLUS Timberlake

Symbols from Latin Names Element Symbol Latin name Copper Cu cuprum Gold Au aurum Lead Pb plumbum Mercury Hg hydrargyrum Potassium K kalium Silver Ag argentum Sodium Na natrium Tin Sn stannum LecturePLUS Timberlake

% Major Elements in the Body O 65.0 % K 0.34 C 18.0 S 0.26 H 10.0 Na 0.14 N 3.0 Cl 0.14 Ca 1.4 Fe 0.004 P 1.0 Zn 0.003 Mg 0.50 Trace Elements As, Cr, Co, Cu, F, I, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, Si, V LecturePLUS Timberlake

Learning Check Select the right image for each: A. Calcium 1) C 2) Ca 3) CA B. Sulfur 1) S 2) Sl 3) Su C. Press 1) Ir 2) FE 3) Fe LecturePLUS Timberlake

Solution Select the right image for each: A. Calcium 2) Ca B. Sulfur 1) S C. Press 3) Fe LecturePLUS Timberlake

Learning Check Select the right name for each: A. N 1) neon 2) nitrogen 3) nickel B. P 1) potassium 2) phogiston 3) phosphorus C. Ag 1) silver 2) agean 3) gold LecturePLUS Timberlake

Solution Select the right name for each: A. N 2) nitrogen B. P 3) phosphorus C. Ag 1) silver LecturePLUS Timberlake

Periodic Table The occasional table is a course of action of the components as indicated by likenesses in their compound and physical properties. LecturePLUS Timberlake

Physical Properties The attributes of a substance that can be seen without changing the substance. Shading Size Shape Density Freezing and Boiling Points Odor LecturePLUS Timberlake

Groups of Elements Vertical sections on the occasional table Similar physical properties Similar concoction properties LecturePLUS Timberlake

Groups on the Periodic Table 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 LecturePLUS Timberlake

Representative Groups Group 1 Alkali Metals Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals Group 7 Halogens Group 8 Noble Gasses LecturePLUS Timberlake

Location of Some Groups 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 A l m k e a t l an i l s A l k a l i n e H a l o g e n s I G n an e s r e t s LecturePLUS Timberlake

Periods on the Periodic Table Horizontal columns from Group 1 to Group 8. Numbered 1, 2, 3, … . Incorporate agent components and move components LecturePLUS Timberlake

Periods on the Periodic Table 1 2 3 4 5 6 LecturePLUS Timberlake

Learning Check A. Component in Group VIIA, Period 4 1) Br 2) Cl 3) Mn B. Component in Group IIA, Period 3 1) beryllium 2) magnesium 3) boron LecturePLUS Timberlake

Solution A. Component in Group 7A, period 4 1) Br B. Component in Group 2A, Period 3 2) magnesium LecturePLUS Timberlake

Learning Check A. Component in Group VIIA, period 4 1) Br 2) Cl 3) Mn B. Component in Group IIA, Period 3 1) beryllium 2) magnesium 3) boron C. Metals in Group IVA 1) Ge, Sn, Pb 2) C, Si 3) C, Si, Ge, Sn D. Nonmetals in Group VA 1) As, Sb, Bi 2) N, P, As 3) N, P, As, Sb LecturePLUS Timberlake

Solution A. Component in Group VIIA, period 4 1) Br B. Component in Group IIA, Period 3 2) magnesium C. Metals in Group IVA 1) Ge, Sn, Pb D. Nonmetals in Group VA 2) N, P, As LecturePLUS Timberlake

Metals and Nonmetals Metals Located to one side of the overwhelming line Shiny, pliable Good conveyors of warmth and power Nonmetals Located to one side of the substantial line Dull and fragile Poor conduits, great covers LecturePLUS Timberlake

Metals and Nonmetals Transition metals NONMETALS METALS LecturePLUS Timberlake

Learning Check Specify metal (1) or nonmetal (2) for each: A. sulfur ____ B. chlorine ____ C. sodium ____ D. iron ____ E. carbon ____ F. silver ____ LecturePLUS Timberlake

Solution Specify metal (1) or nonmetal (2) for each: A. sulfur 2 B. chlorine 2 C. sodium 1 D. iron 1 E. carbon 2 F. silver 1 LecturePLUS Timberlake

Learning Check Select the right components: A. Metals in Group IVA 1) Ge, Sn, Pb 2) C, Si 3) C, Si, Ge, Sn B. Nonmetals in Group VA 1) As, Sb, Bi 2) N, P, As 3) N, P, As, Sb LecturePLUS Timberlake

Solution A. Metals in Group 4A 1) Ge, Sn, Pb B. Nonmetals in Group 5A 2) N, P, As LecturePLUS Timberlake