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Rick's Cafe in Jamaica Keith Fairbrother

Erosion Door County, WI Lizzy Schneider

Erosion Timna Valley, Israel Naamah Azoulay

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS CHEMICAL WEATHERING DISSOLUTION Water expels particles or particle bunches from a stone or mineral and diverts them. Hasten later when water dissipates. Because of the bipolar way of water particles, ions get to be broken up and are transported in solution .

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS CHEMICAL WEATHERING DISSOLUTION Halite Na + is pulled in to OH - side of water atoms Cl - is pulled in to the H + side of water particles Water can likewise respond with another compound to frame a corrosive. H 2 O + CO 2 H 2 CO 3 (Carbonic corrosive) The corrosive can then decay minerals. H 2 CO 3 + CaCO 3 Ca +2 + 2HCO 3 - (Bicarbonate) Removed by disintegration Calcite

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS CHEMICAL WEATHERING Dissolution is the procedure by which hollows are shaped. Calcite is broken down, Ca +2 and HCO 3 - wind up in the ocean. At that point expelled from the sea by marine life forms in the creation of skeletal material.

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS CHEMICAL WEATHERING OXIDATION Positive particles in minerals consolidate with oxygen to produce oxides. 4Fe +3 + 3O 2 2Fe 2 O 3 (hematite) If the response happens in water, limonite (FeOOH) is created. All things considered called RUST .

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS CHEMICAL WEATHERING OXIDATION Also influences different metals, for example, copper.

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS CHEMICAL WEATHERING Oxidation has a similar result with iron-rich rocks and minerals. Influences olivine, pyroxenes, amphiboles, gabbros and basalts.

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS CHEMICAL WEATHERING HYDROLYSIS H + and OH - particles in water dislodge different particles in a mineral structure delivering another mineral. Feldspars are promptly changed by hydrolysis. 2KAlSi 3 O 8 + 2H + 9H2O Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 + 4H 4 SiO 4 + 2K + Orthoclase Feldspar Silicic Acid Kaolinite

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS CHEMICAL WEATHERING Hydrolysis of orthoclase, different feldspars and mafic minerals produces muds and mud minerals. Muds get to be consolidated in soils or wash to the sea by disintegration. Disintegrated materials created can concrete sedimentary grains Or, be used by plants (K + ).

So… … What are the variables that impact CHEMICAL WEATHERING?

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE CHEMICAL WEATHERING CLIMATE Water drives each of the three responses examined. Warm additionally speeds responses. Warm, muggy atmospheres are most appropriate for substance weathering responses. Warm, damp atmospheres additionally have a tendency to have more plants. At the point when plants kick the bucket, decay expands the production of natural acids and increments chemical weathering.

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE CHEMICAL WEATHERING LIVING ORGANISMS Mix up soil presenting more material to surface for weathering responses.

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE CHEMICAL WEATHERING TIME The more drawn out a stone or mineral is presented to weathering the all the more weathering happens.

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE CHEMICAL WEATHERING MINERAL COMPOSITION The impact of concoction weathering in rocks is connected to the dependability of the minerals in the stone. Since most shake framing minerals are silicates, the strength of the bonds between the silica tetrahedra impacts how they are weathered. The more silicon-oxygen bonds between the tetrahedra, the more impervious to weathering is the mineral.

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS PRODUCTS OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING Or… .What's left after disintegration, oxidation and hydrolysis. Dirt Minerals Produced by hydration of feldspars and mafic minerals (olivine, pyroxenes, and amphiboles).

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS PRODUCTS OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING CLAY MINERALS Type of mud framed relies on upon climatic conditions during hydrolysis. Kaolinite shapes in warm, muggy atmospheres. Smectite shapes in cool, dry atmospheres. Employments of dirt minerals: Agricultural fertilizers Lubricants in oil penetrating Bricks and cement Paper creation Cat litter Kaopectate Filtering pollutions from lager and wine

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS PRODUCTS OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING METAL ORES Aluminum Forms from synthetic weathering of feldspar- rich shakes in warm, moist atmospheres. Prompts to the convergence of aluminum in Bauxite (Al 2 O 3 . nH 2 O).

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS PRODUCTS OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING SPHERIODAL WEATHERING Mechanical weathering separates rocks into littler pieces. Concoction weathering rounds off corners.

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS SOILS AND SOIL FORMATION Mechanical and synthetic weathering of residue and previous bedrock underneath produces REGOLITH . REGOLITH is all the material over the bedrock. SOIL is the upper part (up to a couple meters) of regolith that backings vegetation. Soil contains both mineral and natural matter (decaying vegetation). Soil additionally contains air and water.

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS SOILS AND SOIL FORMATION REGOLITH

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS SOILS AND SOIL FORMATION SOIL

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS INFLUENCES ON SOIL FORMATION PARENT MATERIAL The bedrock or residue from which soil shapes. Impacts supplement extravagance of the dirt. Quartz-rich sandstone Basalt

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS INFLUENCES ON SOIL FORMATION CLIMATE Precipitation and temperature impact soil development. Impacts the rate of substance weathering. Additionally impacts plant development. Soil arrangement is most quick in warm, sodden atmospheres.

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS INFLUENCES ON SOIL FORMATION TOPOGRAPHY Physical components of the scene. Impacts the accessibility of water. Impacts the rate of soil aggregation. Soak slant versus tender slant

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS INFLUENCES ON SOIL FORMATION VEGETATION Contributes natural matter to soil. Produces CO 2 and O 2 required in concoction weathering. Plants contribute H + that climates soils. Helps in hydrolysis Degrades feldspars and different minerals into earth minerals. Dirts increment supplement supply to plants.

WEATHERING and the BREAKDOWN of ROCKS INFLUENCES ON SOIL FORMATION TIME The more drawn out the time Earth materials are weathered, the thicker the dirt created.